Saturday, October 26, 2013

Learning Theories Reflection

By taking the course Learning Theories in Instructional Design helped me to develop instructional theories that emphasize synthesis and integration of sets of knowledge and skills, researchers hope to address. Human relations and resources will likely be a center of much instructional design progress in the coming years. Learner variables, for example, have already begun to play an important role in instructional theory, and the area of motivation promises to be of particular significance in the near future. This has also deepened my understanding of the personal learning process. What I found to be surprising or striking as I furthered my knowledge about how people learn was the role of the instructor or teacher. Instructional design researchers are concluding that a major contributing factor inhibiting the acceptance of instructional design principles in the K-12 school system is the resistance of teachers. It will be necessary for instructional design advocates as myself to address the issues of teacher involvement if they hope to implement their systems within the K-12 educational system. I look for future instructional systems design models to take into account the unique situation of teachers. Teachers, with good foundation knowledge, will adapt or adopt existing instructional materials. The employment of instructional theory for teachers would focus on how to evaluate the foundations of existing materials within a maintenance program. In general, I predict that the instructional design field will finally abandon the pursuit of a single, all-encompassing instructional theory and concentrate on establishing an interactive network of meta-theories. The learning of this course has help me as an instructional designers, I believe, will increasingly choose to apply a particular learning and/or instructional theory only to those narrow learner outcomes toward which it works most effectively. The achievement of a complex mental skill might, for example, include learning various subskills on the basis of several different learning theories. The result would be enhanced flexibility and increased efficiency. Instructional designers could then take the process a step further and alter each of the original models used on the basis of formative evaluation at the subskill level. These refinements hold great promise for fluid, complex instructional designs, but can only emerge from a spirit of balance and increased cooperation among instructional designers in both academic and applied environments.

As an instructional designer, I should be able to determine and identify the needs of preschool children. The instructional designer, as preschool teachers should know the desired learning outcomes that can be achieved using various methods. Instructional designer should be able to apply systematic methods of evaluating instructional needs and creating learning solution for the preschool children. This program incorporates new ideas, thoughts and shows unique aspects of different personalities. For me, teaching gives an opportunity for frequent learning and development skills to expand. In the society today, it is very important for students to not only have a solid education but to actually learn and experience new skills along the way. I have chosen this particular field of early childhood education because it is a great environment to be in. It may not be the highest paying job or one the easiest jobs to do but it is one of the helpful and comfortable jobs that anyone can get. Being in the early childhood field makes easy to see and understand how a child grows and the way he or she thinks about things. Early childhood gives you a better feel of children not just as a group but individuals. As a very loveable, patient, energetic, person that adores young children I will provide a way for children to learn through experiences and discovery. As a preschool teacher of Early Childhood Education of my desires is to become an early childhood educator that would encourage a child to learn, play, explore, and have fun as they grow.

Sunday, October 20, 2013

Fitting the Pieces Together

From doing research on the different learning styles I have learn a lot and I am now able to pull resources of skills from all of the theories and apply each to my learning needs. Before taken this course I was not that aware of my learning strategies or how the different learning strategies could help me to develop skills in ways that would not only be beneficial to my career, but also to the facilitation of learning skills germane to the student’s needs as well. As an adult learner and educator in the digital age, my learning preference is the “Constructivism Learning Theory”. This learning theory is diverse in its network, its strength are tied to the context of occurrence and its various communities. Its delivery is balance among experiential learning with guided mentoring and collective reflection for all learners. According to Siemens and Downes 2005, this theory expression through nonlinear association webs of representations. Co-design of learning experiences personalized to individual needs and preferences.” Also, I believe, that this the way to learning for the next generation because of its technical suaveness and constant evolving for better understanding and users friendly.
The learning theories that I have the most information about are the cognitive learning styles, adult learning styles, and the social learning styles. The cognitive learning style refers to the ways in which individual process information. The adult learning style is an attempt to develop specific learning theory for the adult learners. According to Knowles, adults are self-directed and expect to take responsibility for their decisions. The social learning styles are mainly individuals is more likely to adopt a modeled behavior if it results in outcomes they value. Observational learning is also known as imitation or modeling. Even when is comes to technology it plays a big part in learning especially as an adult. Technology plays a very important role in how to search for information via the web, different search engine. Some sites that are very helpful when it come to research are Google, bing, and even the Walden University library if you have access.


 References
Downes, S. (2005). An Introduction to Connective Knowledge. In T. Hug (Ed) (2007). Media, Knowledge and Education. Exploring New Spaces, Relations and Dynmics in Digital Media Ecologies.
Knowles, M. (1968). Andragogy, not Pedagogy. Adult Leadership., 16(10), 350-352, 386.

Knowles, M. (1984). Andragogy in Action. San Francisco:: Jossey-Bass.


Siemens, G. (2005). Connectivism: A Learning theory for the Digital Age. Internaltional Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1).

Sunday, October 6, 2013

Learning Connections 2

Learning Connections
There are different network connections that would help the process of teaching and learning in adults. Learning is the act or process of developing skill or knowledge. Learning on the internet and computing provides the means for fundamentally changing the way in which instruction is delivered to students. Multimedia learning resources combined with CD-ROMs and workbooks attempt to explore the essential concepts of a course by using the full educational power of multimedia. Even certain Web sites on the internet have nice features such as interactive examples, animation, video, narrative and written text. These web sites are designed to provide students with a self based learning resource to balance traditional textbook.
According to an article, “For effective learning to occur, as recognised by Dowler (1997) and Wilkinson (1997), students must have the necessary space to actively engage in reading, discussing and problem solving, and resources and services must be made available with some thought to how learning really occurs”( Dowler, L., ed. 1997). This is the space that the library can take over. The library is able to give adult learners access to computers, books, articles, journals etc… to enhance learning and research. Today's school libraries works with both students and teachers to facilitate access to information in a wide variety of formats, instruct students and teachers how to acquire, evaluate and use information and the technology needed in this process, and introduces children and young adults to literature and other resources to broaden their horizons.
A connection that is more suitable for me is through Walden University. Walden University gives me access to all of my learning materials. The Walden University provides me with resources for all of my courses and access to the Walden’s library. Through Walden we learn through discussions and blogs and providing assignments. Through Walden we also have access to multimedia, audio, and video and even blogs.  “Our advanced degrees are intended to advance the quality of life not just for the Walden graduate, but for everyone he or she encounters. Our programs help students achieve personal enrichment and career advancement.  Walden graduates, in turn, enrich and advance the lives of countless others they serve” (Walden University).

References
Dowler, L., ed. 1997. Gateways to knowledge: the role of academic libraries in teaching,
learning, and research.Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Walden University. http://www.waldenu.edu/experience/learning/online-learning

Saturday, September 14, 2013

Evaluating and Identifying Online Resources

After doing a lot of research on the Walden Library Databases, I found two resources that is beneficial about the topics of “the brain and learning” and “the information processing theory. The first resource is a scholarly journal entitled, “NEUROPEDAGOGY AND BRAIN COMPATIBLE LEARNING - IDEAS FOR EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY”.  Within this journal it speaks about the discoveries in neuroscience and continued expansions in cognitive psychology have founded new ways of thinking about the brain, the human neurological structure and the observations and sensations that contribute to learning. With these findings they have supported teachers and parents to expose young children to a diversity of learning experiences. Some of these findings provided activities such as blocks and beads to handle and observe how to talk to the child, and playing peek-a-boo. Educators may find the most useful information in research that focuses less on the physical and biochemical structure of the brain and more on the mind.

 

According to the journal it states, “Neuroscientific approach to learning offers a basic theoretical frame both for theories of human learning as well as for educational practice. Neuroscientific study of learning focuses mostly on the structure and processes of brain operations which include higher and lower cognitive functions and processes. As far as methodology of teaching is concerned, extreme importance is put on neuroscientific understanding of higher cognitive functions of the brain, such as perception, integration and processing of information, memory, learning, language, thinking, planning and decision-making process. Moreover, neuroscientific research also deals with consciousness, emotions, skills, and intelligence. Not all discoveries made by neurological sciences must lead to innovations in methodological approaches, yet they may provide a solid theoretical frame for pedagogical strategies and their application in pedagogical practice” (Mácajová, M. (2013).

 

The second resource is another journal entitled, “Capacity Limits of Information Processing in the Brain”. In this journal it provides valuable information about the capacity and better understanding of visual perception, short term memory, and how information process when it comes to actions and making a decision. The journal states,

 

The research on the neural basis of the capacity limits of information processing in the human brain is still in its infancy. We are just beginning to understand the brain regions involved in limiting our abilities to consciously perceive, to hold in mind, and to act upon the visual world. Yet, it may seem that this research is already painting a picture of our brain that is rather gloom-and-doom; our nervous system has failed to keep up with the rigors of our technology and society…Furthermore, our brain is nevertheless well endowed to allowing us to perceive, feel, and act in our day-to-day life. It is when the brain is pushed to its limits, as in the laboratory when submitted to cleverly designed tasks, that we can see it break down”  (René Marois. (2005).


Both of these journals provide valuable information about the use of the brain and learning and how information is process through theories and research.

Sunday, September 8, 2013

Blog and Resource sites

The three instructional design blog and resources websites that I have decided to critique are teachersfirst.com, wordpress.com, and Edublog.org. Teachersfirst.com website is a resource website mainly for teachers to precede research on different subject areas and grade levels. It also provides different feedback and blogs on other blog sites and the use of different projects and systems. According to the website it states that it's "teachersFirst is a free, advertising-free teacher resource web site offered as a services to teachers by The Source for Learning, a non-profit learning and technologies corporation. TeachersFirst is a free resource that was started by an extraordinary collection of individuals with an unlikely opportunity to share their good fortune". Teachersfirst.com website is an excellent web page for teachers, parents and students who are extremely busy or just browsing for some new information. 

Wordpress.com is basically a very user friendly blog system but it can be used as a regular site which you can update without any knowledge of html. On this site you can create pages and posts, and with plugins, you can add a lot of functionality. WordPress has no multi-lingual capability but this can be managed with a plug-in, which is quite easy to use. WordPress can handle tons of visitors. Importing posts and pages from other blog sites is easy as well. WordPress is simple, you can see it as a blog or as a regular website.  It has fixed pages, posts and categories.

Blogger.com is the website that I have chosen to use. To me blogger.com is one of the most popular blog systems.   Blogger.com is completely free to users. All of the features and services available through Blogger.com are offered free-of-charge to all users which are one of the benefits of using blogger.com. A key advantage in choosing Blogger.com as your blogging software is its versatility. Bloggers are not limited in the amount of traffic or storage space their blogs generate and use, and bloggers can create as many blogs as they want. Bloggers who use Blogger.com also have the ability to manipulate the templates available to them in order to create more unique blog themes.

Each of these blog and resource sites are very beneficial to me but because of me being an actual first time user of any blogs, blogger.com seems to be the best for me. It’s very easy to access and to create and post a blog and the website also provides a lot of feedback.

References